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Updated: 05-January-2009, 17:53
News from 12-05-2008 :
[LETTERS] ChemCam's Cost a Drop in the Mars Bucket
Authors: Roger C. Wiens, Sylvestre Maurice
[LETTERS] An Order of Plumpy'nut, Hold the Aflatoxins
Authors: Christopher Paulwild, Ruggero Montesano
[LETTERS] In Defense of GM Crops
Author: Niklaus H. Ammann
[TECHNICAL COMMENT] Comment on “Phytoplankton Calcification in a High-CO2 World”
Authors: Ulf Riebesell, Richard G. J. Bellerby, Anja Engel, Victoria J. Fabry, David A. Hutchins, Thorsten B. H. Reusch, Kai G. Schulz, François M. M. Morel
[TECHNICAL RESPONSE] Response to Comment on “Phytoplankton Calcification in a High-CO2 World”
Authors: M. Debora Iglesias-Rodriguez, Erik T. Buitenhuis, John A. Raven, Oscar Schofield, Alex J. Poulton, Samantha Gibbs, Paul R. Halloran, Hein J. W. de Baar
[BOOKS ET AL.] FOR YOUNGER READERS: Science Books for Fun and Learning--Some Recommendations from 2008
To aid those seeking gifts for younger readers, we present the 19 finalists for the four 2009 Science Books and Films Prizes for Excellence in Science Books. Authors: Heather Malcomson, Barbara Jasny, Sherman Suter
[POLICY FORUM] SOCIOLOGY: The Gender Gap in NIH Grant Applications
Many qualified women scientists stop applying for NIH grants in the late postdoctoral and early faculty years. Authors: Timothy J. Ley, Barton H. Hamilton
[POLICY FORUM] POLICY: Science Policy in Kazakhstan
Although the president of Kazakhstan advocates improving science and technology infrastructure, little has been done. Author: Glenn E. Schweitzer
[PERSPECTIVES] ASTRONOMY: How Cold Is Cold Dark Matter?
Identification of the particles that constitute dark matter would revolutionize particle physics and the astrophysics of galaxy formation. Author: Gerard Gilmore
[PERSPECTIVES] CHEMISTRY: A Curious Antipathy for Water
How does water meet a hydrophobic surface? Like great art, everyone recognizes hydrophobicity but few agree on the details. Authors: Steve Granick, Sung Chul Bae
[PERSPECTIVES] ECOLOGY: Crops for a Salinized World
Cultivation of salt-tolerant crops can help address the threats of irreversible global salinization of fresh water and soils. Authors: Jelte Rozema, Timothy Flowers
[PERSPECTIVES] PHYSICS: Controlling Cold-Atom Conductivity
Models of electron conductivity in solids can be studied with ultracold atoms trapped in artificial crystals by lasers. Authors: L. Fallani, M. Inguscio
[PERSPECTIVES] OCEANS: Elements and Evolution
Changes in elemental abundances in Earth's oceans on geological time scales are intimately linked to evolutionary processes. Author: Ariel D. Anbar
[PERSPECTIVES] CELL SIGNALING: Fat Stress and Liver Resistance
Communication among immune and fat cells in adipose tissue and liver hepatocytes underlies the pathogenesis of obesity-related insulin resistance. Authors: Wataru Ogawa, Masato Kasuga
[PERSPECTIVES] EVOLUTION: Competitive Centromeres
Divergence in DNA sequence associated with a common chromosomal element is linked to fitness and evolution of a wild species of flower. Author: Deborah Charlesworth
[ESSAYS] GE PRIZE ESSAY: Understanding a Minimal DNA-Segregating Machine
Reconstitution of a plasmid spindle shows how three components together accomplish the task of DNA segregation. Author: Ethan Clark Garner
[BREVIA] The Long-Run Benefits of Punishment
In human social groups, punishment of uncooperative behaviors increases teamwork, but the benefits of cooperation only outweigh the costs of punishment after a long time. Authors: Simon Gächter, Elke Renner, Martin Sefton
[RESEARCH ARTICLES] Dynamic Proteomics of Individual Cancer Cells in Response to a Drug
Cells that escape death from a chemotherapy drug express a different array of proteins than do genetically identical cells that die, which may help to inform cancer therapeutics. Authors: A. A. Cohen, N. Geva-Zatorsky, E. Eden, M. Frenkel-Morgenstern, I. Issaeva, A. Sigal, R. Milo, C. Cohen-Saidon, Y. Liron, Z. Kam, L. Cohen, T. Danon, N. Perzov, U. Alon
[RESEARCH ARTICLES] Tough, Bio-Inspired Hybrid Materials
Lamellar ice is used as a template to form an aluminum oxide scaffold that can be pressed and filled with a polymer, producing a tough layered structure reminiscent of nacre. Authors: E. Munch, M. E. Launey, D. H. Alsem, E. Saiz, A. P. Tomsia, R. O. Ritchie
[RESEARCH ARTICLES] Metallic and Insulating Phases of Repulsively Interacting Fermions in a 3D Optical Lattice
A cold atom cloud confined to an optical lattice can be tuned from a metal to an insulator. Authors: U. Schneider, L. Hackermüller, S. Will, Th. Best, I. Bloch, T. A. Costi, R. W. Helmes, D. Rasch, A. Rosch
[REPORTS] Attosecond Ionization and Tunneling Delay Time Measurements in Helium
A technique based on resolving the momentum of an electron escaping from a helium atom in an elliptically polarized light field clocks tunneling at less than 34 attoseconds. Authors: P. Eckle, A. N. Pfeiffer, C. Cirelli, A. Staudte, R. Dörner, H. G. Muller, M. Büttiker, U. Keller
[REPORTS] Optical Absorption and Radiative Thermal Conductivity of Silicate Perovskite to 125 Gigapascals
At high pressures, silicate perovskite, abundant in Earth's mantle, is not opaque to optical and infrared light, implying that radiative heat flow is important in the deep Earth. Authors: Hans Keppler, Leonid S. Dubrovinsky, Olga Narygina, Innokenty Kantor
[REPORTS] Quasi-Periodic Bedding in the Sedimentary Rock Record of Mars
Stereo topographic mapping on mars shows that some large impact craters were filled with sedimentary rock sequences made up of cyclical packages of meter-scaled beds. Authors: Kevin W. Lewis, Oded Aharonson, John P. Grotzinger, Randolph L. Kirk, Alfred S. McEwen, Terry-Ann Suer
[REPORTS] Photoexcited CRY2 Interacts with CIB1 to Regulate Transcription and Floral Initiation in Arabidopsis
Blue light triggers the association of a photoreceptor, transcription factor, and DNA site, thus inducing expression for the gene FT (flowering time) and initiating flowering. Authors: Hongtao Liu, Xuhong Yu, Kunwu Li, John Klejnot, Hongyun Yang, Dominique Lisiero, Chentao Lin
[REPORTS] A Stress Signaling Pathway in Adipose Tissue Regulates Hepatic Insulin Resistance
In mice, some detrimental effects of a diet high in fat-insulin resistance, for instance-result from hormonal signals sent from fat cells to the liver. Authors: Guadalupe Sabio, Madhumita Das, Alfonso Mora, Zhiyou Zhang, John Y. Jun, Hwi Jin Ko, Tamera Barrett, Jason K. Kim, Roger J. Davis
[REPORTS] Inhibition of Rac by the GAP Activity of Centralspindlin Is Essential for Cytokinesis
During cell division, a component of the spindle inhibits a small regulatory binding protein, allowing another regulator to constrict a ring between the separating daughter cells. Authors: Julie C. Canman, Lindsay Lewellyn, Kimberley Laband, Stephen J. Smerdon, Arshad Desai, Bruce Bowerman, Karen Oegema
[REPORTS] Dynamic Analyses of Drosophila Gastrulation Provide Insights into Collective Cell Migration
Live fluorescence imaging of over 1500 cells within a Drosophila embryo during gastrulation reveals that a fibroblast growth factor coordinates cell migration. Authors: Amy McMahon, Willy Supatto, Scott E. Fraser, Angelike Stathopoulos
[REPORTS] Astroglial Metabolic Networks Sustain Hippocampal Synaptic Transmission
The glial astrocytes that surround neurons supply glucose or lactate to excitatory synapses though gap junctions that open when the neurons are active. Authors: Nathalie Rouach, Annette Koulakoff, Veronica Abudara, Klaus Willecke, Christian Giaume
[REPORTS] Activation of Pannexin-1 Hemichannels Augments Aberrant Bursting in the Hippocampus
Activation of a glutamate receptor in hippocampal cells leads to secondary opening of a gap junction-like channel that can contribute to seizure-like bursting. Authors: Roger J. Thompson, Michael F. Jackson, Michelle E. Olah, Ravi L. Rungta, Dustin J. Hines, Michael A. Beazely, John F. MacDonald, Brian A. MacVicar
[REPORTS] Centromere-Associated Female Meiotic Drive Entails Male Fitness Costs in Monkeyflowers
Competition between chromosomal homologs causes non-Mendelian meiotic segregation and fitness polymorphism in a natural monkeyflower population. Authors: Lila Fishman, Arpiar Saunders
[REPORTS] Maternal Alloantigens Promote the Development of Tolerogenic Fetal Regulatory T Cells in Utero
Exposure of the human fetus to maternal cells during pregnancy can prompt development of regulatory T cells that prevent responses to non-inherited maternal antigens. Authors: Jeff E. Mold, Jakob Michaëlsson, Trevor D. Burt, Marcus O. Muench, Karen P. Beckerman, Michael P. Busch, Tzong-Hae Lee, Douglas F. Nixon, Joseph M. McCune
This Week in Science
A Closer Look | See-Through Perovskite | Solid State in a Cloud of Atoms | A Tunnel Clock | Bio-Inspired Materials Engineering | Martian Rhythmic Rocks | Blue-Light Response | A Matter of Life and Death | A Divisive Tale | How to Feed Your Neurons | Tolerating Maternal Influences | Toward Normalizing Metabolic Regulation | What Is Behind the Secondary Inward Current? | Selfish Flowers
Editors' Choice
PLANT BIOLOGY: A Question of Color | APPLIED PHYSICS: Get IT Down on Paper | CHEMISTRY: Spinning Bases | MICROBIOLOGY: Cation Catcher | GEOPHYSICS: Soft Vibrations | CELL BIOLOGY: Roping in Rabs | BIOMEDICINE: Clues from Outside
Science Scope
NEON Prototype Debuts | Stem Cell Patent Nixed | Become a ScienceInsider | Biologist's Legal Battle Ends | Coral Reefs Still Reeling | Bright Future for X-rays
Random Samples
MOLECULAR MATCH FOR MAN WHO MOVED THE EARTH | SOAKING UP SOME RAYS | DÉJÀ VU: A TWITCH IN THE BRAIN | ART ON THE FLY
Newsmakers
NONPROFIT WORLD | MONEY MATTERS | MILESTONES | DATA POINT | THEY SAID IT
More: Part-1 Part-2 Part-3 Part-4 5 Part-6 Part-7
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